Ntxiv rau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov chaw ua haujlwm niaj hnub (xws li hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob phom sij), cov chaw kuaj kab lis kev cai ntawm tes kuj tseem muaj ntau yam kev phom sij thiab kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam txog kev tuav thiab tswj ntawm tib neeg lossis tsiaj cov hlwb thiab cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab tshuaj lom, corrosive lossis mutagenic. cov kuab tshuaj.Reagents.Tej yam phom sij yog kev raug mob ntawm cov koob txhaj tshuaj los yog lwm yam kab mob kis tau tus kab mob, spills thiab splashes ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab mucous daim nyias nyias, noj los ntawm lub qhov ncauj pipetting, thiab nqus tau pa ntawm kis aerosols.
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm txhua qhov kev pabcuam biosafety yog txo lossis tshem tawm qhov raug ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv chaw kuaj mob thiab ib puag ncig sab nraud rau cov tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj feem cuam tshuam.Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv lub cell kab lis kev cai chaw soj nstuam yog nruj me ntsis raws li cov qauv microbiological kev coj ua thiab cov tswv yim.
1. Biosafety qib
Teb Chaws Asmeskas cov cai thiab cov lus pom zoo ntawm biosafety muaj nyob rau hauv "Biosafety hauv Microbiology thiab Biomedical Laboratories" cov ntaub ntawv npaj los ntawm Lub Chaw Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob (CDC) thiab National Institutes of Health (NIH) thiab luam tawm los ntawm US Department of Health service.Cov ntaub ntawv no qhia txog plaub qib nce ntxiv ntawm kev tswj hwm, hu ua biosafety qib 1 txog 4, thiab piav qhia txog kev coj noj coj ua ntawm microbiological, cov cuab yeej siv kev nyab xeeb, thiab kev tiv thaiv qhov chaw rau cov theem kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog kev tuav cov kab mob tshwj xeeb.
1.1 Biosafety Level 1 (BSL-1)
BSL-1 yog ib theem pib ntawm kev tiv thaiv uas muaj nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov kev tshawb fawb thiab chaw soj nstuam soj ntsuam, thiab yog haum rau reagents uas paub tias yuav tsis ua rau cov kab mob nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev thiab noj qab nyob zoo.
1.2 Biosafety Level 2 (BSL-2)
BSL-2 yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov tshuaj uas muaj kev pheej hmoo nruab nrab uas paub tias ua rau tib neeg muaj kab mob sib txawv ntawm qhov hnyav los ntawm kev noj lossis los ntawm transdermal lossis mucosal raug.Feem ntau ntawm cov kab lis kev cai ntawm tes yuav tsum ua kom tiav tsawg kawg yog BSL-2, tab sis cov kev cai tshwj xeeb yog nyob ntawm cov kab ntawm tes siv thiab hom kev ua haujlwm.
1.3 Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3)
BSL-3 yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov kab mob hauv tebchaws lossis txawv teb chaws uas muaj peev xwm kis tau tus kabmob aerosol, nrog rau cov kab mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob loj thiab ua rau tuag taus.
1.4 Biosafety Level 4 (BSL-4)
BSL-4 yog tsim rau cov tib neeg uas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab thiab tsis kho cov kab mob txawv teb chaws uas ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej los ntawm cov kab mob aerosols.Cov neeg ua haujlwm no tsuas yog txwv rau cov chaw kuaj mob uas muaj kev txwv ntau heev.
2. Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Nyab Xeeb (SDS)
Daim ntawv qhia kev nyab xeeb (SDS), tseem hu ua cov ntaub ntawv kev nyab xeeb cov ntaub ntawv (MSDS), yog ib daim ntawv uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov khoom ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb.SDS suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv lub cev xws li melting point, boiling point, thiab flash point, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog toxicity, reactivity, kev noj qab haus huv, kev cia thiab pov tseg ntawm cov khoom, raws li zoo raws li pom zoo cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv thiab cov txheej txheem los tuav cov xau.
3. Cov khoom siv kev nyab xeeb
Cov cuab yeej siv kev nyab xeeb hauv chav kuaj kab lis kev cai ntawm tes suav nrog cov teeb meem loj, xws li cov khoom siv biosafety, cov thawv kaw, thiab lwm yam kev tswj xyuas engineering tsim los tshem tawm lossis txo qis kom raug rau cov khoom phom sij, thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej (PPE) uas feem ntau ua ke nrog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv loj.Cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg muaj kev nyab xeeb (xws li kab lis kev cai hoods) yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, uas tuaj yeem tswj cov kab mob sib kis los yog cov aerosols uas tsim los ntawm ntau cov txheej txheem microbial thiab tiv thaiv koj tus kheej kab lis kev cai ntawm cov kab mob.
4. Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej (PPE)
Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej (PPE) yog qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha ntawm tib neeg thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm txaus ntshai.Lawv suav nrog cov khoom siv rau kev tiv thaiv tus kheej, xws li hnab looj tes, cov tsho hauv tsev kuaj mob thiab cov ris tsho hnav, khau npog, khau boots, lub tshuab ua pa, daim npog ntsej muag, tsom iav kev nyab xeeb lossis tsom iav.Lawv feem ntau yog siv ua ke nrog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg thiab lwm yam khoom siv uas muaj cov tshuaj reagents lossis cov khoom ua tiav.
Post lub sij hawm: Feb-01-2023